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(German: artificial head). A STEREOPHONIC recording system developed in Germany which employs an artificial head sitting on a resonator similar to a chest cavity. The recording MICROPHONEs are situated within the head, inside an anatomically correct ear canal, at the point where the human eardrum is located. Artificial PINNAE are carefully designed for accurate reflection of the incoming sound in order to achieve the good front-back and height-depth perspective for which the technique is noted.
In music, an adjective referring to HARMONY and its principles. In ACOUSTICS, when a vibrating object, such as a string, is set in motion, it vibrates both as a whole, with a FREQUENCY called the FUNDAMENTAL, and, with lesser intensity, in sections as well. If these smaller lengths are integer fractions (1/2, 1/3, 1/4, ...) of the total length of the string, their frequencies of OSCILLATION are called harmonics, and are integer multiples of the fundamental.
The subjective impression of FREQUENCY, in the same sense that LOUDNESS is the subjective sense of the INTENSITY or AMPLITUDE of a sound. As such, pitch is a psychoacoustic variable, and the degree of sensitivity shown to it varies widely with people. Some individuals have a sense of remembered pitch, that is, a pitch once heard can be remembered and compared to others for some length of time; others have a sense of absolute pitch called PERFECT PITCH.
Although often employed interchangeably with ACOUSTICS, the term might better be restricted to the technology dealing with the practical applications of SOUND, as distinct from the pure science of acoustics. (It will be noted, however, that the contemporary acoustical engineer or acoustician is often mostly involved with the practical applications of sound.)