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A pre-recorded or simulated sound produced for a radio, television, film or theatrical program in order to suggest an actual sonic environment. The design of such sounds (often abbreviated as SFX), particularly when a complex acoustic environment is to be simulated, involves a thorough understanding of the structure of such a SOUNDSCAPE; that is, what sounds are representative and most significant, as well as which are necessary to create a given AMBIENCE and sense of ACOUSTIC SPACE.
If a sound is a complex of many TONEs of various FREQUENCY, AMPLITUDE and PHASE, repeating together in a basic CYCLE of definite frequency, the fundamental is the lowest frequency of this complex and corresponds to the unique PITCH heard in such a COMPLEX TONE.
A term used in broadcasting and recording to indicate a spatial movement of a SIGNAL. A sound is panned when it is moved smoothly from one location (e.g. LOUDSPEAKER or CHANNEL) to another. This is accomplished by using various ATTENUATORs or POTENTIOMETERs, sometimes combined into a single unit called a pan-pot or panoramic divider in order to control the AMPLITUDE of the signal in each channel.
A form of active participation in the SOUNDSCAPE. Though the variations are many, the essential purpose of the soundwalk is to encourage the participant to listen discriminatively, and moreover, to make critical judgments about the sounds heard and their contribution to the balance or imbalance of the sonic environment.